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laboratori-cloud/labs/lab-05-database/explanation/database-rds-parallels.md
Luca Sacchi Ricciardi f8544afe35 docs(06-02): create Diátaxis documentation for Lab 05 Database & RDS 
Documentation (6 files, 1500+ lines):
Tutorials (3):
- 01-deploy-rds-database.md: Deploy PostgreSQL in private network
- 02-data-persistence.md: Data persistence with named volumes
- 03-security-compliance.md: INF-01/02/03/04 compliance

How-to Guides (1):
- connect-to-postgresql.md: Connection methods

Reference (1):
- postgresql-commands.md: PostgreSQL command reference

Explanation (1):
- database-rds-parallels.md: Docker↔RDS parallels with architecture diagrams

Key concepts:
- PostgreSQL container → RDS Instance
- Private network → VPC Private Subnet
- Named volume → EBS volume
- Resource limits → DB instance class

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-04-03 17:41:29 +02:00

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Explanation: Docker Database ↔ RDS Parallels

Architettura a Confronto

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                    AWS Cloud Architecture                   │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│                                                             │
│   ┌───────────────┐         ┌──────────────────┐           │
│   │  EC2 Instance │         │   RDS Instance   │           │
│   │   (Web/App)   │────────▶│   PostgreSQL     │           │
│   │               │ VPC     │   Private Subnet │           │
│   └───────────────┘         └──────────────────┘           │
│         │                            │                      │
│         │                         EBS Volume                │
│      Internet                         │                      │
│                                        ▼                     │
│                                  Persistent Data            │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                    Local Docker Architecture                 │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│                                                             │
│   ┌───────────────┐         ┌──────────────────┐           │
│   │  Container    │         │   Container      │           │
│   │   (nginx)     │────────▶│   PostgreSQL     │           │
│   │   lab05-app   │ Bridge  │   lab05-db       │           │
│   └───────────────┘ Network └──────────────────┘           │
│         │                    Private Network                │
│      Host                        │                         │
│   (127.0.0.1)                   │                         │
│                                Named Volume                │
│                                    │                        │
│                                    ▼                        │
│                              Persistent Data               │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Mapping Componenti

Docker Locale AWS Cloud Spiegazione
PostgreSQL container RDS Instance Database gestito
Private bridge network VPC Private Subnet Isolamento di rete
Named volume EBS volume Persistenza dati
Resource limits (cpus, memory) DB instance class Allocazione risorse
docker-compose up RDS create Deploy command
docker logs CloudWatch logs Logging e monitoring
pg_isready RDS health check Verifica disponibilità
Non-root user IAM authentication Controllo accessi

Differenze Chiave

Gestione

RDS (AWS):

  • Completamente managed
  • Patch automatiche
  • Backup automatici
  • Multi-AZ per HA
  • Scaling orizzontale Read Replicas

PostgreSQL Docker:

  • Self-managed
  • Patch manuali
  • Backup manuali (pg_dump)
  • HA con repliche manuali
  • Read repliche configurate manualmente

Sicurezza

RDS:

  • IAM authentication
  • Security groups VPC
  • Encryption at rest (KMS)
  • SSL/TLS obbligatorio
  • Audit logging

PostgreSQL Docker:

  • Username/password
  • Bridge network isolation
  • Filesystem encryption (host)
  • TLS configurato manualmente
  • PostgreSQL logging

Costi

RDS:

  • Costo orario instance
  • Costo storage GB/mese
  • Costo data transfer
  • Costo backup storage

PostgreSQL Docker:

  • Costo VM host
  • Nessun costo aggiuntivo
  • Storage incluso
  • Nessun data transfer cost

Quando Usare Quale

Usa RDS quando:

  • Servizio production mission-critical
  • Requltiamo alta disponibilità (99.99%)
  • Hai bisogno di scaling automatico
  • Vuoi managed backups
  • Budget per costi cloud

Usa PostgreSQL Docker quando:

  • Sviluppo e testing
  • Ambienti di laboratorio
  • Proof of concept
  • Budget limitato
  • Requisiti di bassa complessità

Best Practices Comuni

Entrambi:

  • Non esporre su internet
  • Usare backup regolari
  • Monitorare performance
  • Configurare resource limits
  • Usare connessioni SSL/TLS

RDS-specific:

  • Abilita Multi-AZ per production
  • Configura retention backup
  • Usa Parameter Groups
  • Abilita Performance Insights

Docker-specific:

  • Usa named volumes
  • Configura healthchecks
  • Limita risorse container
  • Monitora docker stats

Comandi Equivalenti

Operazione Docker RDS/AWS
Deploy docker-compose up aws rds create-db-instance
Stop docker-compose stop aws rds stop-db-instance
Start docker-compose start aws rds start-db-instance
Scale docker-compose up --scale aws rds modify-db-instance
Status docker ps aws rds describe-db-instances
Logs docker logs aws rds describe-db-log-files
Backup pg_dump aws rds create-db-snapshot
Restore psql < backup.sql aws rds restore-db-instance

Percorso di Apprendimento

  1. Inizia con Docker: Impara concetti base PostgreSQL
  2. Pratica con Docker: Sperimenta in sicurezza locale
  3. Passa a RDS: Applica conoscenze al cloud
  4. Approfondisci: Managed services e ottimizzazione
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